http://rudar.ruc.dk/handle/1800/106 2012-02-07T05:27:18Z http://rudar.ruc.dk/handle/1800/6059 Title: Between Practice and Profession Authors: Frederiksen, Jan Thorhauge Abstract: This PhD. thesis examines how professional training recruits and selects students, and how these students then adapt to the training, with the Specially Structured Programme for Social Educator Training [Merit-uddannelsen til Pædagog] as a case. Taking leave from the work of Pierre Bourdieu, Daniel Bertaux and Basil Bernstein, the thesis is the fi rst study apprehending the social educator students’ perspective of the training. Employing multiple correspondence analysis, ethnographic fi eldwork and social biographical interviews, Jan Frederiksen traces the social origin of the social educator students, and examines how this background relates to strategic practices within the training, and the evaluation and acknowledgement of their efforts as students. The current recruitment of students is shown statistically to exhibit great geographical variation, and to recruit students hailing from very diverse vocational and educational backgrounds, and consequently a great variety of educational strategies and student practices. The thesis demonstrates that the students enroll for a great variety of reasons, related to their different vocational and educational trajectories - but also that these origins are very important in determining how successful the students are at adapting to the highly implicit and vague pedagogy of social educator training. This posits that students’ social origin and its impact on student adaption should factor in the planning of social educator training. 2011-01-14T12:05:13Z http://rudar.ruc.dk/handle/1800/2082 Title: Ældreomsorg i et pædagogisk perspektiv Authors: Krogh Hansen, Helle 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z http://rudar.ruc.dk/handle/1800/2081 Title: Improving patient safety: safety culture & patient safety ethics Authors: Dyrløv Madsen, Marlene Abstract: Patient safety - the prevention of medical error and adverse events - and the initiative of developing safety cultures to assure patients from harm have become one of the central concerns in quality improvement in healthcare both nationally and internationally. This subject raises numerous challenging issues of systemic, organisational, cultural and ethical relevance, which this dissertation seeks to address through the application of different disciplinary approaches. The main focus of research is safety culture; through empirical and theoretical studies to comprehend the phenomenon, address the problems, and suggest possible solutions for improving patient safety through the promotion of safety culture and ethics. I seek to illuminate the issues of patient safety from several perspectives; the organizational healthcare system, in particular the healthcare workers perspectives and experiences, and those of patients who experience the physical effect of poor patient safety. The dissertation consists of nine papers and an appendix. Paper 1 describes the results of doctors and nurses attitudes towards reporting and the handling of adverse events. Paper 2 is a study and “review” of the international literature of assessment of safety culture in healthcare. Paper 3 summarizes results of an intervention study introducing a reporting system and using a questionnaire survey of safety culture within three Danish hospitals to measure the effects. Paper 4 reports key results from the study in paper 3, demonstrating significant, consistent and sometimes large differences in terms of safety culture factors across the units participating in the survey. Paper 5 is the results of a study of the relation between safety culture, occupational health and patient safety using a safety culture questionnaire survey and interviews with staff and management in four hospital departments. The appendix contains the Patient Safety Culture uestionnaire tool that I have developed, tested and revised for use in the Danish hospital setting based on the research projects on safety culture described in papers 3, 4 and 5. Paper 6 concerns the attitudes and responses to adverse events from the patient’s point of view, using a questionnaire survey, and comparing these to staffs responses to the same questions. Significant differences were found between those “actions” patients considered important following adverse events and those healthcare staff thought patients considered important. Papers 7, 8 and 9 address ethical issues through a philosophical lens, to demonstrate that patient safety is more than putting the right “systems” in place and that culture should not be understood independently of ethics. Paper 7 investigates the nature of apology and its internal logic in the context of healthcare. This is followed by paper 8, in which I suggest some overall recommendations for different acknowledging actions to patients following medical harm; from acknowledging harm to expressing regret and making an apology. In paper 9 I argue for the need of an Ethics of Patient Safety to overcome some of the obstacles that other strategies for improving patient safety have not yet overcomed, and that such an ethics, in general, can help support improvement programs to advance safety culture and patient safety. Finally, I bring the most important findings and conclusions of the papers forth and suggest future research perspectives based on the findings in this Ph.D. dissertation. 2006-05-01T00:00:00Z http://rudar.ruc.dk/handle/1800/2080 Title: Dansk kystzone: landskab og forvaltning Authors: Suadicani, Henrik Abstract: Formålet med afhandlingen er at analysere det danske kystlandskab og dets historiske udvikling for herigennem at definere den danske kystzone. Der tages udgangspunkt i de internationale tanker om Integreret Kystzoneforvaltning for her at finde de aspekter der vil få betydning for den fremtidige dan-ske kystzoneforvaltning. Problemet er om man kan afgrænse et danske kystlandskab og om dette kan fungere som afgrænsning for en dansk kystzone for derved at fremme integreret kystzoneforvaltning i Danmark. Afhandlingen er opdelt i kapitler som hver især søger at belyse dette problem. Der er i kapit-lerne indsat 4 analyser som her søger at belyse en problemstilling mere til bunds end det er muligt i de brede kapitler. I kapitel 2 præsenteres afhandlingens metode. Som forståelsesramme anvendes en land-skabsøkologisk forståelse som bygger på den humanøkologiske beskrivelsesmetode. Landskabet bliver analyseret som forløbslandskaber. Desuden inddrages der en forståelse af natursynet. For at se nærmere på natursynets betydning for udviklingen af et kystlandskab ses på Springforbiplanen som nu har været over 60 år undervejs. I kapitel 3 beskrives begrebet Integreret kystzoneforvaltning som det har udviklet sig i Verden og specielt i EU-sammenhæng. Dansk kystforvaltning analyseres og det konstateres, at der ikke er tale om en samlet, integreret forvaltning som tager udgangspunkt i en kystzone. Fra et oplæg fra EU-kommissionen hentes ideer om integreret kystzoneforvaltning og disse ideer fører til et forslag til en dansk kystzonelov. Heri skal defineres regionale kystzoneråd. I kapitel 4 beskrives kystlandskabets elementer. Naturelementerne beskrives i en abiotisk del med geologi og geomorfologiske eksempler og i en biotisk del med botaniske eksempler. Der gennemgås flere forskellige klassifikationer, herunder Natura 2000 kortlægningen som er under vejs herhjemme. I Analyse 2 analyseres et kystområdes udvikling indenfor de sidste 200 år og det vises, at selv lavdyna-miske kystområder er under stadig udvikling. Efter en gennemgang af kulturlandskabets elementer give Analyse 3 et eksempel på sommerhuslandskabets udvikling. Det demonstreres blandt andet hvordan reguleringen siden 1950’erne har fået stadig større betydning for udviklingen eller den manglende ud-vikling i disse landskaber. I Landskabsanalysekapitlet, kapitel 5 analyseres Gillelejes kystområde. Med udgangspunkt i en kortanalyse gennemføres en forløbslandskabs analyse. Ved hjælp af GIS kan det analyserede område opdeles i zoner med forskellig afstand fra kystlinien og herved kan forskellige land-skabstemaer (trajektioner) følges gennem perioden 1898 til 1985. En række kystelementer kan udskilles, og de kan følges og bruges til at definere et kystlandskab, som har en varierende udbredelse på mellem nogle få hundrede meter og til 2 km fra kysten. Dette fører i konklusionen til at det kan konkluderes, at der kan udskilles et dansk kystlandskab og det foreslås at dette bruges som definition af en dansk kyst-zone. Denne kystzone skal forvaltes via en kystzonelov af nogle få kystzoneråd, som får til opgave at afgrænse kystzonen i lokalområdet. Ud fra en beskrivelse af lokale problemer skal kystzonerådet sam-men med relevante sektorinstitutioner, regionale forvaltninger og lokale NGO’ere og interesse organisationer udvikle måder at løse disse problemer på. Denne afhandlings arbejdsområde ligger indenfor be-skrivelsen af det danske kystlandskab og anvise en måde at analysere og afgrænse kystlandslabet så det kan bruges som kystzone i en fremtidig kystzoneforvaltning der giver mulighed for en øget integration på et lokalt grundlag. 2002-07-01T00:00:00Z